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Improved rate-based modeling of carbon dioxide absorption with aqueous monoethanolamine solution

Stefania MOIOLI, Laura A. PELLEGRINI, Simone GAMBA, Ben LI

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第1期页码 123-131 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1415-0

摘要： This paper focuses on modeling and simulation of a post-combustion carbon dioxide capture in a coal-fired power plant by chemical absorption using monoethanolamine. The aim is to obtain a reliable tool for process simulation: a customized rate-based model has been developed and implemented in the ASPEN Plus software, along with regressed parameters for the Electrolyte-NRTL model worked out in a previous research. The model is validated by comparison with experimental data of a pilot plant and can provide simulation results very close to experimental data.

关键词： Absorption carbon dioxide capture rate-based model monoethanolamine scrubbing

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单乙醇胺碳捕集工艺大规模工业化应用：提高非平衡级速率模型的预测精度

罗小波,Wang Meihong

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第2期页码 232-243 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.02.001

摘要：

对于减少化石能源发电厂和其他能源密集型过程的人为二氧化碳(CO₂) 的排放，碳捕集和储存(CCS)技术将发挥至关重要的作用。然而, 由于装备CO₂捕集装置而导致的成本增加是其大规模工业化应用的主要障碍。为减少碳捕集装置的一次性投资费用和后续操作费用，大量的研究通过流程建模、仿真和优化来实现该过程的优化设计和优化操作。为此，准确的模型是必不可少的基础。本文论述了关于通过升级参数和多级模型验证来开发一个更精确的基于乙醇胺碳捕集过程的非平衡级速率模型。本文首先分析了该过程速率模型的建模框架。采用Aspen Plus® 软件开发此过程的稳态模型，并且在三个模拟阶段对较宽范围的压力，温度和CO₂ 载荷进行了模型验证，包括热力学建模、物性计算和中试规模工艺模拟。采用在Aspen Plus® 中编写Fortran 子程序升级了液相密度和气液相接触面积计算的关联参数。模型验证结果表明，本文中采用的新的关联参数组合的热力学模型比其他三个经典模型具有更高的精度，而且试验规模的流程模拟结果和实验数据吻合很好。随后本文采用这一模型对一个250 MW 的联合循环燃气发电厂的碳捕集工艺过程设计进行了案例研究，并和另一文献进行了对比，本文的设计降低了吸收塔和解析塔的填料高度并减少了CO₂特征热负荷。

关键词：过程模拟模型验证单乙醇胺 CO₂ 捕集联合燃气发电厂碳捕集和存储

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Economic Growth Model Based on Six Basic Factors of Production—Xu Growth Rate Equation

Shou-bo Xu,Zong-yuan Huang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第2期页码 160-175 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014024

摘要： This paper proposes an economic growth model based on the Six Basic Factors of Production and Xu Growth Rate Equation for the first time, which fills-in the deficits of the New Classical Economic Growth Model based on the Solow Model. The empirical analysis indicates that over the past three decades, the consumption of six basic factors of production had complicated relations with economic growth. In some years, the consumption rate of the basic factors of production was meager, but the economy witnessed relatively rocketing growth rate; in some years, the factors of production consumption rate was very high, but the economy growth rate slowed down. In general, economy grows at the expenses of huge consumption of four factors. There is an obvious characteristic of huge input and low efficiency. The average contribution rate of technological advance peaks in the middle, while it drops down at two ends. Noticeably, since 2004, the technology contribution rate generally shows a downward trend, reasons of which should be explored systematically in aspects like economic policy and industry structure with a view to boost further transformation of the macro-economy scientific growth model.

关键词： six basic factors of production economic growth model Xu Growth Rate Equation

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A rate-dependent Prandtl-Ishlinskii model for piezoelectric actuators using the dynamic envelope functionbased play operator

Meiju YANG,Chunxia LI,Guoying GU,Limin ZHU

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第10卷第1期页码 37-42 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0326-1

摘要：

In this paper, a novel rate-dependent Prandtl-Ishlinskii (P-I) model is proposed to characterize the rate-dependent hysteresis nonlinearity of piezoelectric actuators. The new model is based on a modified rate-dependent play operator, in which a dynamic envelope function is introduced to replace the input function of the classical play operator. Moreover, a dynamic density function is utilized in the proposed P-I model. The parameters of the proposed model are identified by a modified particle swarm optimization algorithm. Finally, experiments are conducted on a piezo-actuated nanopositioning stage to validate the proposed P-I model under the sinusoidal inputs. The experimental results show that the developed rate-dependent P-I model precisely characterize the rate-dependent hysteresis loops up to 1000 Hz.

关键词： piezoelectric actuators hysteresis Prandtl-Ishlinskii rate-dependent

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Modified landfill gas generation rate model of first-order kinetics and two-stage reaction

Jiajun CHEN , Hao WANG , Na ZHANG ,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第3期页码 313-319 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0025-4

摘要： This investigation was carried out to establish a new domestic landfill gas (LFG) generation rate model that takes into account the impact of leachate recirculation. The first-order kinetics and two-stage reaction (FKTSR) model of the LFG generation rate includes mechanisms of the nutrient balance for biochemical reaction in two main stages. In this study, the FKTSR model was modified by the introduction of the outflow function and the organic acid conversion coefficient in order to represent the in-situ condition of nutrient loss through leachate. Laboratory experiments were carried out to simulate the impact of leachate recirculation and verify the modified FKTSR model. The model calibration was then calculated by using the experimental data. The results suggested that the new model was in line with the experimental data. The main parameters of the modified FKTSR model, including the LFG production potential (), the reaction rate constant in the first stage (), and the reaction rate constant in the second stage () of 64.746 L, 0.202 d, and 0.338 d, respectively, were comparable to the old ones of 42.069 L, 0.231 d, and 0.231 d. The new model is better able to explain the mechanisms involved in LFG generation.

关键词： landfill gas (LFG) generation rate model first-order kinetics two-stage reaction outflow function

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The combined effects of biomass and temperature on maximum specific ammonia oxidation rate in domestic

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1411-9

摘要：

• Actual SAORs was determined using MLVSS and temperature.

关键词： Specific ammonia oxidation rate Sequencing batch reactor Biomass Temperature coefficient Model simulation

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Modification of the activated sludge model for chemical dosage

Shuai MA,Siyu ZENG,Xin DONG,Jining CHEN,Gustaf OLSSON

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第4期页码 694-701 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0732-3

摘要： Full-scale experiments have been carried out to adapt the activated sludge model ASM2d to include the influence of metal dosage (Fe and Al ) for phosphorus removal. Phosphorus removal rates, nitrification rates, as well as pH and sludge settling performance, were evaluated as functions of the metal dosages. Furthermore, models relating certain parameters to the dosage of chemicals have been derived. Corresponding parameters in the ASM2d and the secondary settler models, included in the Benchmark Simulation Model No 1 (BSM1), have been modified to take the metal influence into consideration. Based on the effluent limits and penalty policy of China, an equivalent evaluation method was derived for the total cost assessment. A large number of 300-day steady-state and 14-day open-loop dynamic simulations were performed to demonstrate the difference in behavior between the original and the modified BSM1. The results show that 1) both in low and high mole concentrations, Fe addition results in a higher phosphorus removal rate than Al ; 2) the sludge settling velocity will increase due to the metal addition; 3) the respiration rate of the activated sludge is decreased more by the dosage of Al than Fe ; 4) the inhibition of Al on the nitrification rate is stronger than that of Fe ; 5) the total operating cost will reach the minimum point for smaller dosages of Fe , but always increase with Al addition.

关键词： chemical precipitation benchmark simulation model phosphorus removal respiratory rate sludge settling activated sludge model

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Amodified variable rate particle filter for maneuvering target tracking

Yun-fei GUO,Kong-shuai FAN,Dong-liang PENG,Ji-an LUO,Han SHENTU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第11期页码 985-994 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500149

摘要： To address the problem of maneuvering target tracking, where the target trajectory has prolonged smooth regions and abrupt maneuvering regions, a modified variable rate particle filter (MVRPF) is proposed. First, a Cartesian-coordinate based variable rate model is presented. Compared with conventional variable rate models, the proposed model does not need any prior knowledge of target mass or external forces. Consequently, it is more convenient in practical tracking applications. Second, a maneuvering detection strategy is adopted to adaptively adjust the parameters in MVRPF, which helps allocate more state points at high maneuver regions and fewer at smooth regions. Third, in the presence of small measurement errors, the unscented particle filter, which is embedded in MVRPF, can move more particles into regions of high likelihood and hence can improve the tracking performance. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Maneuvering target tracking Prolonged smooth regions Variable rate model Maneuver detection

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Short-term prediction of influent flow rate and ammonia concentration in municipal wastewater treatment

Shuai MA, Siyu ZENG, Xin DONG, Jining CHEN, Gustaf OLSSON

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第1期页码 128-136 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0598-9

摘要： The prediction of the influent load is of great importance for the improvement of the control system to a large wastewater treatment plant. A systematic data analysis method is presented in this paper in order to estimate and predict the periodicity of the influent flow rate and ammonia (NH ) concentrations: 1) data filtering using wavelet decomposition and reconstruction; 2) typical cycle identification using power spectrum density analysis; 3) fitting and prediction model establishment based on an autoregressive model. To give meaningful information for feedforward control systems, predictions in different time scales are tested to compare the corresponding predicting accuracy. Considering the influence of the rainfalls, a linear fitting model is derived to estimate the relationship between flow rate trend and rain events. Measurements used to support coefficient fitting and model testing are acquired from two municipal wastewater treatment plants in China. The results show that 1) for both of the two plants, the periodicity affects the flow rate and NH concentrations in different cycles (especially cycles longer than 1 day); 2) when the flow rate and NH concentrations present an obvious periodicity, the decreasing of prediction accuracy is not distinct with increasing of the prediction time scales; 3) the periodicity influence is larger than rainfalls; 4) the rainfalls will make the periodicity of flow rate less obvious in intensive rainy periods.

关键词： influent load prediction wavelet de-noising power spectrum density autoregressive model time-frequency analysis wastewater treatment

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Zhen-hua YUAN, Chen CHEN, Xiang CHENG, Guo-cheng LV, Liu-qing YANG, Ye JIN

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第6期页码 796-807 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1700023

摘要：主要研究在相关信道模型条件下两跳无线通信网络的中继物理层安全波束成形方案设计问题。系统模型由1个发送节点、1个合法接收节点、1个窃听节点和1个采用放大转发策略的中继节点构成，其中中继节点装备多天线，而其他节点都装备单天线，窃听节点靠近合法接收节点进行窃听，从而使得二者与中继节点之间的信道具有相关性。中继节点无法获得窃听信道的瞬时信道状态信息，只可获得合法信道的瞬时状态信息，以及合法信道与窃听信道之间的相关性信息，据此中继节点可推导出窃听信道状态的条件概率分布。以系统近似遍历安全容量为优化目标，研究了2种中继波束成形方案：1最大化合法信道容量的“广义匹配转发方案”；2“普通阶波束成形方案”。另外，还讨论了基于遍历安全容量下界的“下界最优化波束成形方案”。与上述两方案比对，“广义匹配转发方案”是最优的秩-1方案，“普通阶波束成形方案”则是基于近似遍历安全容量的迭代最优的中继转发方案。通过仿真对各波束成形方案的性能进行比较，验证了本文的分析。从仿真结果还可以看出：当中继节点发送功率较低，或者第二跳信道增益较低时，“广义匹配转发方案”的性能优于“普通阶波束成形方案”。

关键词：物理层安全；中继波束成形；相关信道；遍历安全速率；凸优化

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垃圾填埋场气体产生及其模型研究

黄文雄,彭绪亚,阎利

《中国工程科学》 2006年第8卷第9期页码 74-79

摘要：

对填埋气的回收利用，既能减排温室气体，又能回收能源。分析了填埋气产生的原理和过程，对目前出现的填埋场产气模型进行了分类，并系统地分析了各种产气模型的计算方法、优缺点以及适用条件，为填埋气体的大规模利用提供可靠的方法。

关键词：填埋气模型产气速率产气量甲烷

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Study on Big Data-based Behavior Modification in Metro Construction

Lie-yun Ding,Sheng-yu Guo

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第2期页码 131-136 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015037

摘要： With the rapid development of metro construction in China, construction accidents frequently happen, which are significantly attributable to workers’ unsafe behavior. Behavior-based safety (BBS) is an effective method to modify workers’ unsafe behavior. This paper introduces the study on big data-based metro construction behavior modification, aiming to solve the problem of current research without consideration of workers’ personal characters. First, the behavior modification pushing mechanism based on content-based personalized recommendation is studied. Secondly, the development of behavior modification system of metro construction (BMSMC) is introduced. Thirdly, BMSMC practical applications using the unsafe behavior rate, as a measuring indicator is implemented. Observations at one metro construction site in Wuhan indicate that the unsafe behavior rate of modified scaffolders at this work place decreased by 69.3%. At the same time, as of unmodified scaffolders at another work place for comparison, the unsafe behavior rate decreased by 56.9%, which validates the effectiveness of this system.

关键词： big data unsafe behavior behavior modification behavior-based safety (BBS) unsafe behavior rate

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Real-time tool condition monitoring method based on temperature measurement and artificial neural network

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0661-3

摘要： Tool failures in machining processes often cause severe damages of workpieces and lead to large quantities of loss, making tool condition monitoring an important, urgent issue. However, problems such as practicability still remain in actual machining. Here, a real-time tool condition monitoring method integrated in an in situ fiber optic temperature measuring apparatus is proposed. A thermal simulation is conducted to investigate how the fluctuating cutting heats affect the measuring temperatures, and an intermittent cutting experiment is carried out, verifying that the apparatus can capture the rapid but slight temperature undulations. Fourier transform is carried out. The spectrum features are then selected and input into the artificial neural network for classification, and a caution is given if the tool is worn. A learning rate adaption algorithm is introduced, greatly reducing the dependence on initial parameters, making training convenient and flexible. The accuracy stays 90% and higher in variable argument processes. Furthermore, an application program with a graphical user interface is constructed to present real-time results, confirming the practicality.

关键词： tool condition monitoring cutting temperature neural network learning rate adaption

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Applicability of the Arrhenius model for Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria subjected to temperature time gradients

Alberto MANNUCCI,Giulio MUNZ,Gualtiero MORI,Claudio LUBELLO,Jan A. OLESZKIEWICZ

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第6期页码 988-994 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0751-0

摘要： The aim of this work is to identify the range of applicability of Arrhenius type temperature dependence for Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria (AOB) subjected to temperature time gradients through continuous titrimetric tests. An innovative online differential titrimetric technique was used to continuously monitor the maximum biologic ammonia oxidation rate of the biomass selected in a pilot scale membrane bioreactor, as a function of temperature time gradients. The monitoring technique is based on the measurement of alkalinity and hydrogen peroxide consumption rates in two parallel reactors operated in non-limiting substrate conditions for AOB; both reactors were continuously fed with mixed liquor and in one of them AOB were inhibited with allylthiourea. The effects of temperature decrease rates in the range 1 to 4°C·h were evaluated by controlling the titrimetric reactor in the temperature range 10°C–20°C. The dependence of growth kinetics on temperature time gradients and the range of applicability of Arrhenius model for temperature dependency of AOB growth kinetics were assessed. The Arrhenius model was found to be accurate only with temperature gradients lower than 2°C·h . The estimated Arrhenius coefficients ( ) were shown to increase from 1.07 to 1.6 when the temperature decrease rate reached 4°C·h .

关键词： nitrification rate temperature effect continuous titrimetric tests time-gradient temperature variations Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria (AOB)

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Inhibitive effects of three compositae plants on

Weihao ZHANG, Fuqing XU, Wei HE, Xing ZHENG, Chen YANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第1期页码 48-55 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0065-1

摘要： Based on common phenomena of biochemical interaction between plants and microorganisms, the inhibitive effects of three common terrestrial compositae plants, namely DC., (L.) Cronq., and (L.) Sch.-Bip. on the blue algae was studied. Live compositae plants are co-cultivated with algae in two different inoculation doses for 10 days in 5-pools incubators, in order to exclude the influence of bacteria and nutrients. The results show that DC has the most inhibitive potential among the three plants as evidenced by the most drastic decrease in optical density (OD ) of the algae. The inhibition rate is 93.3% (with initial inoculation dose of 2.0 × 10 Cells/mL) and 89.3% (with initial inoculation dose of 4.0 × 10 Cells/mL) respectively on the 10 day of cultivation. The average inhibition rate during the later half of the experiment is 0.76 (with initial inoculation dose of 2.0 × 10 Cells/mL) and 0.71 (with initial inoculation dose of 4.0 × 10 Cells/mL), respectively. Logistic model analysis shows that compositae plants such as DC. causes the reduction of the habitat's carrying capacity of algae. ANOVA analysis is used to determine the similarity and differences between every experimental group and an average inhibitive rate model is used to evaluate the inhibition effects. The results show that DC., which grow well in the aquatic environment, may have a great potential in controlling algae bloom in eutrophic water.

关键词： allelopathy compositae plants Microcystis aeruginosa inhibition rate logistic model analysis